In 2008, he cherished the hope of becoming the first secretary of the PS. But he had finally lined up behind the candidacy of Bertrand Delanoe. In 2011, he thought he could be a candidate for the Socialist primary. Then he threw in the towel, choosing to support Dominique Strauss-Kahn, then rallying to Francois Hollande not without obtaining the position of campaign manager. Pierre Moscovici, 54, has learned to give up. Here he is rewarded. He is back in force since the government assigned the Ministry of Economy, Finance and Foreign Trade. Certainly it does not get the Quai d'Orsay, which he dreamed, Laurent Fabius was preferred to him. But he inherited a portfolio to match its ambitions. And thereby in passing some disappointed, Michel Sapin in mind. "Mosco" consensual socialist, social democrat, is now a heavyweight team Ayrault, number five in protocol order.

It is he who will be at the forefront of the debt crisis. There is no shortage of assets since knows the workings of Europe. He was, for five years, from 1997 to 2002, Minister Delegate for European Affairs in the Jospin government. At the time, the rise of the Express near the then prime minister, who had just been elected deputy of the Doubs for the first time, had been criticized. But he will prove himself. Former MEP, a graduate of Sciences Po and ENA, he will prepare no quack the French presidency of the EU, negotiating the Treaty of Nice and the European Constitutional Treaty. During this period of cohabitation, he managed also to find his place against Jacques Chirac. In fact, the President of the Republic and the Socialist Minister for European Affairs are of course in these five years: Chirac taking the young minister with no experience under his wing, even to comfort him when he doubted. An agreement with Lionel Jospin was annoyed.

After the failure of the left in 2002, Moscovici was defeated in the parliamentary elections in the Doubs. A year earlier, he had already failed to municipal Montbéliard. Without parliamentary seat, without mayor, he tried his luck with the 2004 European and found his seat in Strasbourg. In 2007 he was again legislative candidate in the Doubs. This time he wins.

Pierre Moscovici, tried by the Revolutionary Communist League when he was young, joined the PS in 1984. He was close to Michel Rocard, Jospin and Dominique Strauss-Kahn, his former professor at the ENA. He is the son of a social psychologist Serge Moscovici, who was a member of the Romanian Communist Party and fled his country in 1947. Pierre Moscovici was the first to openly criticize the Socialist Francois Mitterrand and his relationship with Rene Bousquet. "What shocks me, he said, is that he can spawn with someone who has been a tool of the state anti-Semitism and an accomplice of the final solution of the Reich." … …..

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In the wake of its entry in the booming mobile market, Free Mobile revealed it had won 2.6 million customers in late March, while Orange was losing 615,000, 620,000 SFR and 89,000 MVNOs. "Never an operator has won as many customers in as little time," said Xavier Niel, founder and owner of Free.

The small sign operator and a great commercial success and won the bet he had set himself. Indeed, he won 4% market share on the mobile in 80 days. Its goal is eventually to have 25% market share.

Satisfaction is complete for Xavier Niel, especially as Free has received the "halo of mobile" on its activities as a fixed, where it now exceeds 5 million subscribers: he recorded a 50% market share recruitment broadband in the first quarter of 2012 and its activity is fixed in 9.8% growth over the quarter. Leaves to change operator in the mobile, and to benefit from even better prices, some customers were quick to switch their internet subscription and exchange their old box against a Freebox.

Impact difficult to quantify

Remains now is whether this success will continue over time, while competitors such as Orange, SFR, Bouygues Telecom and Virgin argue that the bleeding has stopped customers since mid-March and they recover even customers parties at Free.

Free, which shows a quarterly revenue up 29% to 656 million euros, did not give the average revenue per user (ARPU), a key figure in the telecoms field. He simply said that customers were divided "balanced" between the subscribers of a subscription to two euros and those who opted for a more profitable subscription to 19.99 euros a month.  

Therefore difficult to measure the impact of the launch of Free Mobile on the margins of the operator. "The quality of the distribution of offers within the mobile subscriber base is evidence of a sustainable business model and economics," Free said simply. In sales, the mobile has generated 97.5 million euros, of which 11.5 million euros from the sale of terminals and 86 million for the telecom services business. The set weighs about him almost 560 million euros.

"We must get prepared," says Sebastien de Lafond, Meilleursagents.com. First thing to check: consistency in the price of well visited. To form an opinion, we must investigate the prices in the sector. Review the ads of websites is a first approach, but the prices are often overstated. View estate agents in the area and ask them specific examples of recent trades made refines market research. Know when the property is exposed and there is a lot of the same type of homes for sale in the neighborhood can have arguments at the time of negotiation.

In general, buyers know quickly if they feel good about visiting the home. However, relying on first impressions is not enough. An apartment in disarray, a faded painting or a smell of smoke sometimes repel the visitor, but do not stop there. What counts are the qualities of housing. "We must keep in mind their priorities, says Philippe Conte, a member of the Institute of Chartered Fnaim, but few buyers who do not make concessions." In a condo, take the stairs instead of the elevator provides information on the status of common and how the ownership is held. The cellars and common premises speak volumes about the maintenance of the building.

Do not hesitate to revisit the well several times

In housing, we must inspect everything. To house, checking the roof and the attic is a priority. Broken tiles or mossy cause leaks inside. Get into the attic to check insulation. Many homes built before 1974 do not. Inside, the walls, floors must be watched closely. A crack is a defect common in the former. However traces of moisture on the ceiling indicate a leak or a leak from a neighbor. Same for the balcony or terrace. Also check the condition of pipes, electricity, windows … In home, you need to check with the town planning services to ensure that a building will not obstruct a nice view or generate nuisance.

To evaluate the condo fees, "we must also require the last minutes of the meeting, says Philippe Conte. If work were passed, they are charged to the seller. " Other Audits: diagnostics, energy consumption or age of the boiler. "Do not buy on the first visit, advises Sébastien de Lafond. It is necessary to look back two or three times, accompanied if possible. "

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European capitals have asked the Commission to bone up on the fight against unemployment, but many probably not appreciate his advice: the lowering of wage costs to the free movement of labor across the EU through a minimum wage "modular", Brussels risk of setting fire to the powder to the left and right.

The document, which will be released Wednesday, could also ignite the French debate around employment and Europe, with five days of the first round of presidential elections. As Nicolas Sarkozy, Brussels appears for a lower wage cost burden on businesses. It is a "privileged instrument to strengthen the labor supply," says the latest version of the text obtained by Le Figaro. The Commission suggests alternative resources as VAT, taxes "green" and property taxes.

Another proposal leading risks in contrast to spark outcry among conservatives, echoing an old controversy about the "Polish plumber". This is to overcome the final obstacles to a single labor market in Europe, the U.S. model. "Labour mobility is not sufficient in the EU (…) In order to exploit all the possibilities, it is crucial to ensure a balance between demand and supply of jobs" at European level , the authors note.

Red cloth

On this front, the Commission advances two tracks dangerously undermined. The first is the end of restrictions on employment of Romanians and Bulgarians, programmed by treaty by the end of 2013 but refused by nine countries, including France. The second is the opening of national public employment to all EU nationals, except as validated by the sovereignty of Justice high risk personal loans.

Finally, Brussels waving a red rag in front of the entire European left: that of a national minimum wage that could be differentiated by industry professional, provides a way she, "to support the provision of employment ". The authors do not specify the model. But they ensure that wage floors should be discussed "in consultation with unions and depending on economic developments."

The contribution of the Commission is only prospective. It is unlikely that the communication "Towards an employment-intensive growth 'lead in the state. But it looks quite controversial for the twenty-seven Commissioners wish to review it one last time with the college in full force Wednesday in Strasbourg. Against the backdrop of elections in France and Greece, José Manuel Barroso will leave the public presentation in Hungarian Laszlo Andor, Commissioner for Employment and Social Affairs.

For Brussels, it is clear that the challenge of unemployment requires bold solutions. Lagging behind the emerging powers but also the U.S., the EU has lost 4.5 million net new jobs since 2008. Since January, a second recession in three years has increased the average unemployment rate above 10%. And restarted at the same time a growth debate that nobody has yet really convincing answer

.

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Spain hopes to get the chairmanship of the Permanent Mechanism of rescue of the euro area (SS) and seems well positioned to succeed, according to an EU official interviewed on Sunday by Agence France-Presse. "It's a real possibility" for Madrid to recover this function to be assigned soon, he said, on condition of anonymity on the sidelines of a meeting of EU leaders in Finland.

The permanent emergency mechanism to protect the countries of the monetary union of the debt crisis must be activated in July. Until recently it was taken for granted that the current President of the Temporary Relief Fund in the euro area (EFSF), the German Klaus Regling, head of the MES. But several key positions must be free by this summer in major European institutions (Eurogroup EFSF, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development) and the negotiations are going well.

Unable cumulation of Germany

But the hackneyed Germany itself cards by campaigning for his Finance Minister Wolfgang Schäuble will become the next president of the Eurogroup when the mandate of the current incumbent, Prime Minister of Luxembourg Jean-Claude Juncker, will arrive due this summer. Given the economic weight of Germany, Schäuble is well positioned to obtain the direction of this forum of finance ministers of the monetary union, said two officials of the euro area also on condition of anonymity no checking account payday advance. "It is the favorite," said one of them. In these circumstances it would be very difficult for Germany to get more of MY president.

So Spain seriously eyeing this function. Because at the same time Madrid has little chance of securing a position in the Executive Board of the European Central Bank, also at stake and for which she has applied. This is a Luxembourg, Yves Mersch, who is best placed, the sources said. "Of two things, if Schäuble was appointed to the Euro, Spain can expect the MES as compensation. And finally if Juncker was to remain in the Eurogroup, Spain will get the job at the ECB as the Luxembourg can claim the two portfolios, "said one official.

In Finland, the Spanish Secretary of State to the European Union, Inigo Mendez de Vigo, would not comment on details of ongoing negotiations. "I can tell you that ultimately we will not be losers" of history, he said at a news conference. "We are a family, a family and sometimes you do not get everything you want but ultimately you should feel at ease and I am confident that ultimately we will be at ease" with the result, he said.

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During the presentation of his project in late January, Francois Hollande announced 20 billion of new spending, financed mainly by tax increases and some savings. The Enterprise Institute is in general agreement with the encryption of the Socialist Party.

But the think tank (think tank) notes that the candidate PS has proposed in its draft other measures that do not appear in the details of 20 billion. As such, the ecological transition (1 online payday loan lenders.8 billion per year according to the Institute), very high speed over the entire territory (1 billion), hiring employment center (0.8 to 1.2 billion ). Added to this are the measures announced later, the bill may be between 3.9 and 6.5 billion per year in 2017, according to the Institute. By itself, the establishment of an early childhood service would cost 1.8 to 3.7 billion.

France is hardly served in international rankings in education. Only four of its representatives are emerging among the 100 institutions classified Thursday morning by the Times Higher Education (THE), a British weekly known for the seriousness of its rankings. France ranks as the seventh largest in the world.

The Paris-Sorbonne University is located between 71st and 80th place of the second international league based on "reputation". It occupied the 91st place last year. Then comes the Polytechnic, which ranks between 91st and 100th place. This year, two new institutions enter the prestigious list: the University Paris-Sud (Orsay) and the University Pierre and Marie Curie (Paris VI), both beyond the 91st place.

"France is well represented in these tables, with four institutions in the top 100, more than Canada, and more than double the number of representatives of China. But the country's authorities should be concerned that such a system of higher education with a long tradition of excellence has its highest ranked institution beyond the 71st, well behind the leading institutions in England and Germany "by Phil Baty, the head of the ranking. And the specialist to wonder: "Maybe the current reforms in the French higher education will they do the difference in the longer term, but for now there is much uncertainty and confusion about the French system, which can affect the country's reputation among scholars throughout the world. "

A "business" full

The study measures the reputation of excellence in both teaching and in research by 117,554 educators from 137 countries. Given a choice between 6000 and institutions were asked what were the best institutions in their field of specialty. The issue of reputation is important in the era of the internationalization of education, as universities compete with each other to attract the best students. And they are buying more and more a "brand" when they enroll in an institution. It has become a "business" in its own right, according to THE.

The first six of the classification, called "super brands" in the study because they crush all others because of their notoriety, are again American universities Harvard, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), the English university of Cambridge, two new American, Stanford and Berkeley, and Oxford. These universities' dominate the head and shoulders above the other institutions, "the study said.

The U.S. dominates with 44 institutions which are among the first hundred, ten are British, and five are Japanese. Five others were Dutch. Followed by Germany, Australia and France, each with four institutions.

According to French law, any insurance or any caravan trailer is mandatory. Also, if an insured decides to tow a caravan with his vehicle, he must notify his insurance company. If the total weight to load (GVW) of the caravan is less than 750 kg, it is on auto insurance of the towing vehicle. However, if the total weight to load (GVW) of the trailer exceeds 750 kg, it must have a specific insurance policy.

The insurance contract specifically the trailer can be purchased from an insurance company specializing. However, to enjoy a good quality / price ratio, it is advisable to use the same insurance company ensuring that the towing vehicle.

Namely: if the trailer weight exceeds a total load (GVW) of 500 kg, it must have its own logbook. This must be forwarded to the insurance company.

Consider the use made of the caravan

Whether stationary or towed, the trailer must receive liability coverage to cover damage to third parties. If it is a permanent home, it becomes necessary to take out specific insurance.

The duration of the insurance can be modulated according to the frequency of use of the caravan cash advance payday loan. If it is possible to ensure a caravan all year, it is also possible to insure a timely manner, for example, only the holidays.

Purchase additional coverage

If liability coverage is mandatory for a caravan, it is also possible, such as auto insurance, take out specific safeguards. Thus, the accidental damage warranty can cover the repair of the trailer in an accident. The guarantee can cover theft theft but also the attempted theft of the caravan and its contents. The compensation is brought in only if the insured is able to provide physical evidence of the loss.

The warranty fire and explosion can cover fire outside or inside. This warranty also covers the damage done by lightning.

Note: If a specific development is carried out in the caravan, it is best to notify the insurance company (especially when planning costly).

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Times of crisis are double-edged for the MBA. On the one hand, the full-time programs are rubbing their hands, because the lack of economic dynamism, and therefore attractive enough career prospects for managers, strongly encourage them to invest in formal training they will release a When the economy rebounded. Conversely, executive programs, whose participants are mostly still in office, are less likely to see pay for training by their employer.

This year, the situation seems much more mixed. The full-time MBA from HEC shows a decrease of 15% of applications. "This is an effect of the global crisis, and to a lesser extent impact of the circular Guéant who last year restricted the issuance of work visas for some of our international graduates," says the deputy director of the MBA HEC, Bernard Garrette.

Diversity profiles

For its part, Insead has seen the number of candidates to the program full time ten-month increase in proportions which he described as "moderate." Faced with an upsurge in applications, the International MBA from EM Lyon has chosen to preserve a small promotion (thirty people) and has revised upwards its selection criteria.

In both schools, it is recognized that these good figures are also linked to a greater diversity of profiles. If applications from Western European managers tend to settle, they are balanced by a growing interest among Asians, Indians and Latin Americans. The same goes for the European Executive MBA from ESCP Europe. "For the winter semester 2012, our Executive MBA candidates are substantially identical to those of January 2011. Our recruitment is based on our five campuses European balance, including an increase in the number of candidates on Berlin, "says Valerie Madon, program director.

Facilitating employment

The development of strong co-investment between participants and employers may contribute to not fall too in Executive MBA candidates. The young executive MBA from ESC Dijon has even increased its staff this year (18 participants). Service statistics careers in any case seem to agree with those who are engaged in an MBA. At HEC, over 90% of graduates in June 2011 were placed in less than three months.

And opportunities are as interesting as before the crisis. The study TopMBA.com QS Jobs and Salary Trends Report 2011-2012, the salaries of MBA graduates have even increased by 10% in Europe last year. "Companies are definitely more time to recruit to ensure they have found the right profile, but when they found it, they reward the true value," said Joe Li Puma, director of the International MBA from EM Lyon.

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The intervention of Nicolas Sarkozy to save Alstom in summer 2004, to his recent statements in favor of employees of ArcelorMittal Florange site, the head of state has been well arise in the opponent's famous statement Lionel Jospin: "The state can not do everything." At least when it comes to industrial employment. "We must at all costs strangle the flow of blood Industrial France," he repeated again in January. Since 2007, the government frequently intervened in several disputes, most often publicized in order to save jobs. A few weeks before the presidential election, the employees do not hesitate to use the campaign to make their demands heard. Overview of some government promises … and their future.

The success

• Photowatt. The resumption of French pioneer of photovoltaics by EDF no longer in doubt. Next Monday, the commercial court of Vienna should assign the assets of Photowatt to the public company called to the rescue by the Head of State at the end of January. Previously, STMicroelectronics, specialized microprocessors, had been approached. Without success. The next upturn of the SME Isère by EDF Energies Nouvelles is good news for employees: the subsidiary of the electrician has pledged to resume on 430 and 345 to reclassify within 60 km of the 85 remaining employees. "Everybody has a job, I do not see what you could get any better," responded Tuesday a Steward FW, while conceding that "the industrial project is to build". According to the UMP Bourgoin, Alain Moyne-Bressan, must already "put 50 million euros on the table for the coming months."

• Lejaby. Mid-January 2012, the Tribunal de Commerce de Lyon chose Alain Prost, former manager of La Perla and Chantelle, as the buyer of the manufacturer of linen placed in receivership. Only problem: the entrepreneur, who keeps only about 450 195 employees, wants to relocate the entire production in Tunisia. This is sign the death warrant of the factory Lejaby Yssingeaux, and the dismissal of his 93 employees. An announcement of the worst effect when the candidate Nicolas Sarkozy – not yet declared – boasts the "Made in France". "I will not let down the people of Lejaby," he warned on January 29. It is ultimately the luxury group LVMH, requested by the Elysee, which will come to the aid of the factory from Auvergne. The takeover bid, from a subcontractor for Louis Vuitton, the company Sofama, was filed on February 1. All staff should be re-employed on permanent contracts, and converted into luxury leather goods.  

Failures:

• Gandhinagar. February 4, 2008, the Head of State gives hope to the 595 employees of ArcelorMittal factory in Lorraine, then threatened with partial closure in the near future. "The State prefers to invest in modernizing the site rather than paying people to go with either early retirement or unemployed," he explained then. He continued: "I will myself announce it has found the solution." If, despite these promises, 595 jobs will actually be discontinued from 31 March 2009, the city of Gandhinagar, however, benefited from a state investment of 5 million for a learning center, and a contract worth 300 million euros between RFF and the steelmaker Corus. Objective: To produce the rails RFF within its Hayange plant, near the disaster site.

"Nicolas Sarkozy in Gandhinagar:

……