Question of economic efficiency then. One can only be struck by the complete lack of fiscal strategy of the Finance Bill 2012, currently under discussion in Parliament. In the eyes of officials of Bercy, the only way to increase tax revenues is to remove the niches or benefits made in the tax calculation.More than half of the 11 billion euros in additional savings are announced in late August and the removal of some old tax benefits. Now that the idea has been fueled largely with public opinion than the 104 billion euros in lost revenue for state coffers that are the fiscal and social niches, half are "very effective" or "inefficient", this solution is actually the easiest to implement. But it can serve as long-term program. As niches, whose real term is "tax expenditure", are as fundamental to encourage private investors to replace the public investor.No niches, no investment in France, which already sorely lacking.

Reform the income tax

The tax reform in 2012 will revolve around three major issues: how to bring balance between taxation of wealth and income? How to get to his income tax progressivity? What future for VAT?

To these questions, the UMP and the PS will provide different answers, of course. But the rules are the same for all. France can no longer raise taxes. The tax ratio-mandatory, ie the tax burden, amounted to 44.5% of GDP, close to its historical levels (44.9% in 1999). But conversely, the disastrous situation of public finances prevents them down.The "big bang" will be announced fiscal totally bounded in the universe: it will be a rebalancing in depth, but revenue constant.

Some lines of force emerge. The income tax in its present form, is on trial. Two transformations are emerging: reconsider its progressivity, that is to say goodbye slices. Or merge it with the CSG, an idea that has the favor of PS and a large part of the UMP. This merger should not be mistaken, broaden the tax base, will make the income tax fairer, but will also be more painful for the average incomes.

Similarly, it will not escape a VAT reform. Since 2008, 15 European countries have found, for fiscal consolidation, so much so that the rate of 19.6% French is now among the lowest in the euro area, 1 point lower than the average.Especially down at the other, the government chose to lower it for some sectors (food, building …).

Finally, there is the balance between taxation of income and wealth. The most sensitive issue. Recently, in Le Figaro, the budget minister Valérie Pécresse explained: "By raising taxes on savings, we compare the taxation of wealth from that of labor income." The road has only begun. One can imagine what awaits holders of wealth in the coming years …

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So investors remained pessimistic before the meeting between President Nicolas Sarkozy and Prime Minister of Greece George Papandreou that began at 17 hours, to "take stock of the situation with him that is currently in Greece."

More than 18% increase for the banking week

Across the Atlantic, consumer spending has slowed sharply in August, while household incomes have in turn declined for the first time since October 2009. Were also more bad news from China where activity contracted slightly in September for the third consecutive month as Germany, which saw its retail sales fall 2.9% on month in August .Sign of the resurgence of pessimism, the euro resumed its decline against the dollar at 1.3456 dollars (-0.96%) and oil is about to go under 80 dollars to 80.082 dollars exactly (-1, 61%).

On the corporate side, banking stocks were again weighed on the Paris stock exchange, but this time negatively. Societe Generale lost 7.31% to 19.54 euros, Crédit Agricole has sold 3.17% to 5.23 euros and BNP Paribas dropped 3.50% to 30.05 euros. Week, however, was very positive for the French banks as they have won between 18% and 20% in stock. Most cyclical stocks, the more dependent the economy, also rose in the image of Lafarge (10.40% for the week) and ArcelorMittal (4.93%). However, the luxury sector has suffered: the last five sessions, lost 5.50% LVMH and PPR was down 7.88%.Vallourec, which suffers from the slowdown in the sectors of mechanical engineering, gives up almost 9% for the week.

On the agenda, the capital of these institutions. While the debt crisis spreads, Europe wonders if its banks could absorb the shock of a default of Greece. Especially since the hypothesis of a failure of Athens is no longer taboo.This is why the French government is proposing to inject 10 to 15 billion euros of public money to strengthen bank capital.

Several forms of intervention would be considered, since the loan to the simple issue of preference shares (private equity voting rights) with options to purchase, understands the JDD. The initiative comes as the Bercy banks are suffering on the stock market. This week, bank stocks have suffered losses of more than 10%. Since July 1, the Societe Generale shares tumbled 61%, 58% of Crédit Agricole and BNP Paribas 53%. Aggravate the climate of distrust surrounding the French banks, groups such as Siemens or Meetic, decided to limit their exposure to these institutions payday loans. As the major U.S. money market funds.

The Elysee and the Bank of France belie

According to the JDD, Societe Generale would have accepted the plan, subject to conditions. CEO Frederic Oudéa, would have liked all the French banks are concerned to avoid pointing the weaknesses of the one or the other in particular. But Baudoin Prot, CEO of BNP Paribas, had initially refused this rescue group, burying the coup the project. It must be said that he repeats everything is that BNP Paribas does not need a capital increase. Last week, it was stepped into the breach to deny information from the Financial Times that the group was looking for a new shareholder in Qatar.

For its part, the Elysee denies the existence of a backup plan. "This is absolutely not being prepared," insisted the entourage of the Head of State to the JDD. "Banks have increased their capital by 50 billion euros since 2008.We encourage them to do, but not with public money. "Also interviewed by the Sunday newspaper, Christian Noyer, Governor of the Bank of France said that there was" no plan ". He said French banks have "a substantial capital base, comparable to those of other European banks, and are profitable." Investors would also not fooled. "I see no sign of a run and the very idea seems preposterous."

Player Figaro BFM

The Perfect Storm market, this change of note, even anticipated, will be a blow to those banks seeking to reassure investors about their ability to refinance. The climate is harmful: the action of Societe Generale, the most attacked by the markets, has lost 56% since January 1, BNP Paribas, Credit Agricole and 37%, 43%. The European banking index at the same time dropped by 35%.

Troika in Athens

The tension is escalated Friday when the very orthodox chief economist at the European Central Bank (ECB), the German Jürgen Stark, resigned to show his disagreement with the assistance provided by the Mint of the fragile the euro area, including Italy and Spain, as a redemption of their bonds on the market.To make matters worse, banks are reluctant to lend to each other. Deposits from day to day banking in the euro area with the European Central Bank (ECB) are at record levels.

This week, representatives of the troika (EU, IMF and ECB), to oversee the accounts of Greece, it will return. They had left unexpectedly in early September, saying that Athens had not fulfilled its promises in terms of privatization and economic reforms. The Greek government has given additional pledges Sunday and EU Commissioner Olli Rehn said he was confident in the prospect of an agreement by the end of the month. Time is short indeed: Greece is in dire need of approval from the troika to receive a new tranche of EUR 8 billion taken from the first aid plan in 2010. A refusal would mean the default.Banks that have lent money, would suffer, while heavy losses.

In this context, the debate rages about whether European banks, which hold their balance sheets in packages of loans to countries in fragile states in the euro area are adequately capitalized.

August 27, Christine Lagarde, the executive director of the IMF, had felt it was "urgent" that the European financial institutions reinforce with new capital. Saturday, it reduced his remarks, adding that the figure of 200 billion euro recapitalization needs of European banks was only a preliminary estimate "under discussion" …

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As in Europe and Asia this morning, the New York Stock Exchange on Friday waiting to learn more about the measures to be taken by the Fed to support the U.S. economy threatened by recession. Ben Bernanke, head of the institution, will speak Friday at 4:00 p.m. (French time) to his counterparts at the traditional central bankers in Jackson Hole Symposium, Wyoming. The Fed could launch a new program of quantitative easing, but many stakeholders are concerned that expectations may be disappointed.However, "if Ben Bernanke said that the need for further action is not obvious, it means that the economic outlook is less black than starting to think many investors, 'the economists broker Aurel BGC.

GDP in the menu

Before this appointment, investors will read the second estimate of GDP for the second quarter (14.30), the first being very disappointed. Growth could however be further revised down 0.2 point to 1.1% annual rate. The second estimate of the index of consumer sentiment in August is also the program cheap credit report.

As for currencies, the euro resumed slightly against the dollar to a few hours of the speech of Ben Bernanke. Around 11 am, the euro was worth 1.4440 dollars against 1.4378 dollars on Thursday in 21 hours. The wait also dominates the side of the oil markets.A barrel of Brent North Sea crude for October delivery was trading at 110.25 dollars on the Intercontinental Exchange (ICE) in London, down 37 cents, while in electronic trading on the New York Mercantile Exchange, a barrel of "light sweet crude" (WTI) for the same maturity lost 35 cents to 84.95 dollars.

Values ​​of the day

On the corporate side, Tiffany, Madison Square Garden, Frontline and Royal Bank of Canada must publish.

HollyFrontier reported a dividend increase of 17% to 8.75 cents.MTS Systems also announced a 25% increase in its quarterly dividend.

Pandora Internet Radio, which made its IPO in June, on Thursday posted a net loss of $ 3.18 million in the second quarter of its fiscal year lag, and a turnover more than doubled, exceeding analysts' expectations.

Krispy Kreme Doughnuts has reported a quarterly profit of $ 8.8 million or 12 cents per share against 2.2 million a year earlier. Sales jumped 11% to $ 97.9 million.

The effect of this action, has long been demanded by the markets was immediate. At 9:15, interest rates fell back to 10 years at 5.417% against 6.189% Friday. The cost of credit to ten years on the Spanish debt followed the same path, to 5.285% against 6.271% at the end of last week. The agents of the ECB "operations are 20 to 25 million euros over the entire market.We expect that interventions will reach one billion in the order of the day, "said one trader.

For now, the ECB does not need to intervene heavily to turn the trend. "The rates were very high last week, there was little trading volume. So when the ECB came into action, it does not take much to return to the market, "said Cyril Beuzit. "If this continues, the ECB would have to increase the volume of its purchases until the States of the euro take over, to the best end of September."

If the ECB has reluctantly restarted its buyback program, it is against the involvement of European capitals to accelerate the implementation of the reform adopted at the last summit in late July fast cash loans. Friday night, Rome decided to accelerate its austerity plan.The ECB have also sent a list of conditions to the Italian government to help him. Sunday, Paris and Berlin and had to reaffirm that States would take over from the ECB by the end of September. At that time, the new version of the European financial stability to intervene in the markets, should be passed by national parliaments. In the best case.

Divisions within the ECB?

"Certainly, the markets will test the will by then the ECB warns Cyril Beuzit. We think it may surprise by intervening massively, even if the tools are not cut out for that. "Still, the central bank is torn internally. Thursday, representatives of the Netherlands, Finland, Austria and Germany at the ECB executive board voted against any intervention in favor of Italy and Spain.

Sunday's decision has probably not been taken unanimously, advance Gilles Moec economist at Deutsche Bank: "It depends how far the opponents of the ECB are ready to go. If they are ready to submit their resignation in the balance, and only in this case, the lack of unanimity may be a problem. "Considered a risk, however small the economist.

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For its part, the country's leading sector, EON, warned he would sue the position of Chancellor Angela Merkel to accelerate the abandonment of nuclear energy, and in particular not to abandon the tax nuclear fuel, saying that this tax "raises legal."The tax was created as a part-cons to a longer than twelve years of the life of the 17 nuclear reactors in Germany, decided last year and then canceled in a hurry after the disaster of Fukushima. She must report 2.3 billion euros per year in the German state. Proceeding in the same sense that Jürgen Grossmann, the group has also ensured that such decisions penalize investments in renewables and disability meet its European competitors.

A meeting Thursday, June 9 in France

In France, the pressure rises. On Wednesday morning, the Energy Minister Eric Besson announced on 9 June a meeting of the energy system to assess the consequences of the German decision. He acknowledged that France Info France would be affected "in the short term," deprived of a source of imports, when drought increases the need for electricity."The immediate halt of the seven nuclear plants in Germany removes about 10% of its electricity production", which means that "Germany will no longer be able to export, or much less," said Eric Besson.

The minister also said that delaying the opening of the public inquiry into the proposed EPR nuclear reactor Penly – it was to open on Wednesday 1 June – did not mean a "stop the process of public inquiry to Penly, recalling that President Nicolas Sarkozy had reaffirmed the nuclear option.

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This appetite, the luxury sector was well integrated, making the Asian market including China and Japan, their main growth drivers. For example, the French LVMH in 2010 from nearly 35% of its turnover in Asia (25% excluding Japan).In the first quarter 2011, excluding sales of the Japanese archipelago (affected by the tsunami on 11 March), billings Asian group Bernard Arnault grew 24% and 30% on the only Chinese territory.

Finally, by 2015, China should be the first global luxury goods market in all sectors according to consulting firm Pricewaterhouse Coopers. And to develop there, Western societies today are choosing bulk of trading in Hong Kong, the gateway to become known in China. "With its historical heritage, the Hong Kong is much more attractive than that of Shanghai, details of William Corbiac, emerging equities manager at Axa IM. It is much more liquid, accounting standards are long Anglo-Saxon, there are many financial analysts, fewer permissions and cheaper.In Hong Kong, Western investors feel almost like home. "

Making a name

This is the typical case of American Coach, specializing in accessories (shoes, bags, sunglasses, jewelry …) who announced in early May will be doubling its side by the end of the year, Stock Exchange of Hong Kong and its place of origin, New York. For all the luxury groups, for historical reasons or qualitative, not in Asia have the notoriety of LVMH or Hermes. The goal of Coach is clearly stated: "better brand awareness among consumers and investors in the Chinese market and throughout Asia," according to its CEO Lew Frankfort said in a statement.

This Friday, the luxury goods group Burberry has come to swell the ranks of contenders.Already present in London Stock Exchange, the British group would try to seek a listing in Hong Kong by Hong Kong Economic Journal, to "increase the interest of Asian investors."

The idea is not new. "Many Chinese entrepreneurial companies, including Internet companies and in renewable energy, are parties in the 2000s to seek a listing on Wall Street to take advantage of both technologies and to conquer the U.S. market, said William of Corbiac. We can now do the exact parallel with these Western groups visionary who want to be closer to the markets they want to grow cash advance loan no fax. " A listed company must indeed comply with the requirements of disclosure and / or related to its activity, which increases its exposure to the media and therefore the general public.What support development activity in new geographical area. A strategy that seems to have also adopted in another sector, BNP Paribas. Initially, the French bank will not undertake a capital increase at its eventual listing and just want to "enjoy a better visibility in China."

A significant influx of capital

But watch it only as a matter of image. For BNP Paribas may, in a second time, make an appeal for funds on the Hong Kong site, thus killing two birds with one stone. For their part, the intruding Western luxury brands in Hong Kong are also looking to take advantage of capital and investors who flock to this place. In 2010, according to data from PricewatershouseCoopers, nearly 45 billion euros have been raised, an increase of almost 80% over one year.And for 2011, the firm estimated 30 billion funds in Hong Kong through introductions. A total of one hundred companies are entering the stock each year, more than half are Chinese.

This is the case of the Italian Prada, which recently received the green light from authorities in Hong Kong market. Pending the final IPO price (June 16) and the introduction scheduled for 24 June, the Italian company hopes to raise about 2 billion dollars (1.4 billion euros). After three failed attempts, Prada therefore preferred to Hong Kong to Milan, saying "better" opportunities offered by the international capital market.

Before her, and with the same motivations, the French L'Occitane has chosen Hong Kong to make his first public offering, there is just one year.One way for the group operating on the cosmetics market is very dynamic in Asia and almost treated as a luxury brand, to raise 532 million euros. What repay debt and finance part of its development. This gamble on the brand image now appears successful, while Reinold Geiger, President of L'Occitane, explained that he initially had great difficulty to prevail in Taiwan and Hong Kong. And for investors who subscribed to the introduction, the operation has also been very positive, because despite the turbulent early sessions, the stock rose over 30% year on year.

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The proposed solution is the demand in good and due form the High Council of Audiovisual (CSA) changes of the Convention on LCI pay channel free channel. What embarrasses the regulator, because the operation is not without risk and "give rise to litigation," promises an expert of the file.

TF1 pleads for the public interest and diversity of information in television. But critics denounce them, "a substantial modification if it completely changes the LCI media landscape." And everybody will go before the State Council.Government side, we observe with interest the maneuver. The State has to settle the sensitive issue of bonus channels, the passage of free LCI could be a good way to calm the war between TF1, M6 and Canal + since it unveiled its draft Canal20 free channel. In exchange for the rescue of LCI, TF1 calm his opposition to the arrival of new competitors.

Finding new advertising revenue

Canal + has been very clear. This is not about to pay 15 million euros per year for LCI is only CanalSat. Bertrand Meheut, CEO of Canal + 'the info is now free. " Canal + in fact no longer wants to put money on the table to distribute news channel competing with its own channel i-Tele. According to observers, Canal + could just pay 2 million euros per year. This will leave a hole in the finances of LCI.Especially as Numericable is preparing, in turn, reduce by half the fee of 5 million. Consequently, LCI, which is already losing 5.8 million euros for a turnover of 42.7 million must find the money. The news channel is currently negotiating distribution for all IPTV operators but this is not enough to offset the loss of the amount of Canal +.

If LCI chooses to stay free, we must find twenty million of additional advertising revenue to balance its accounts. But the market is crowded by BFM TV which has a total turnover of 34.5 million euros and i-Tele.

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Graduates or experienced managers

Almost all sectors benefit from this improvement, including industry (59% of companies in this sector have recruited at least one frame during the first three months of the year, or 12 points higher than a year ago) , engineering, R & D (86%), consulting and business services (55%) and computer services (90%). Only construction and medico-social results show lower than last year at the same time, "although the outlook remains favorable to recruit" Apec shade.

If young professionals with several years of experience are always' the prime target for recruiters, "a beautiful part will also be reserved for graduates and highly experienced executives, unloved in recent years.Hiring intentions are regarding the effect on net increase over last year: nearly one in two firms who will recruit in the second quarter and has given his chance at a fresh graduate or a manager over twenty years of experience payday loan lenders. Be, respectively, increases of 14 and 11 points in one year.

48 applications per offer

Recruitment target mostly business executives (42%). But the improvement in the industry will also lead to increased recruitment in specialized functions of production sites and technical services such as maintenance, procurement and quality.Technical studies, especially popular in engineering and R & D progress on these six points in one year to reach one in four businesses now.

Replacement of departures (for retirement, resignation …) remains the main explanation envisaged recruitment (41% of cases). But more than a third of firms cite as the business development as the main reason for recruitment.

Last sign of a strengthening labor market frameworks: a job entrusted to Apec has generated, on average, 48 applications during the third quarter of 2010. Ten less in a year. Employers are more likely to report difficulties in finding suitable candidates – 61% against 55% last year – even if the trend is still to longer delays in recruitment.The share of hires still being three to six months after the publication of the offer is stable at 23%. And this especially in functions where the offerings attracts fewer candidates: computer (72% recruitment difficult), and R & D studies (68%) and industrial production (67%).