Germany: higher salaries in industry

 

Historical salary increases announced this weekend across the Rhine fall sheer to Berlin. Germany sees further evidence of the virtues of the model of growth through structural reforms advocated by the government of Angela Merkel. The approximately 800,000 employees in the metal in the regional state of Baden-Württemberg (southwest) achieved a 4.3% increase in their wages after marathon negotiations, announced their union IG Metall on Saturday morning.

This regional agreement, valid from this month until April 2013, is the first to be signed this year in Germany in this vast branch of German industry.

Policy interventions

The agreement, which should serve as a benchmark for other agreements across the country, covers the major German manufacturing industries, including automakers such as Volkswagen, Daimler and BMW. A total of 3.6 million people are employed in the industry a pillar industry for exports to Europe's largest economy.

This is the largest increase in wages since 1992. After ten years of effort, followed by a stagnation of wages over time as the economic crisis is overcome, the German trade unions are now demanding their share. This historic increase was achieved thanks in part to calls from German politicians who have broken with their tradition of not intervening in wage negotiations. Thus, the finance minister, Wolfgang Schäuble, has repeatedly called for sharp increases, holding that wage growth in Germany would be faster than the rest of Europe.

Employees in the metal are found, however, worse off than two million civil servants in the country, who have dropped out in late March up 6.3% of their salaries. These increases are expected to reinforce the momentum of domestic consumption beyond the Rhine, long considered the Achilles heel of German growth. They should also help to reduce imbalances, sources of tensions within the euro area. P. S.-P.

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Moscovici, the specialist for Europe Bercy

 

In 2008, he cherished the hope of becoming the first secretary of the PS. But he had finally lined up behind the candidacy of Bertrand Delanoe. In 2011, he thought he could be a candidate for the Socialist primary. Then he threw in the towel, choosing to support Dominique Strauss-Kahn, then rallying to Francois Hollande not without obtaining the position of campaign manager. Pierre Moscovici, 54, has learned to give up. Here he is rewarded. He is back in force since the government assigned the Ministry of Economy, Finance and Foreign Trade. Certainly it does not get the Quai d'Orsay, which he dreamed, Laurent Fabius was preferred to him. But he inherited a portfolio to match its ambitions. And thereby in passing some disappointed, Michel Sapin in mind. "Mosco" consensual socialist, social democrat, is now a heavyweight team Ayrault, number five in protocol order.

It is he who will be at the forefront of the debt crisis. There is no shortage of assets since knows the workings of Europe. He was, for five years, from 1997 to 2002, Minister Delegate for European Affairs in the Jospin government. At the time, the rise of the Express near the then prime minister, who had just been elected deputy of the Doubs for the first time, had been criticized. But he will prove himself. Former MEP, a graduate of Sciences Po and ENA, he will prepare no quack the French presidency of the EU, negotiating the Treaty of Nice and the European Constitutional Treaty. During this period of cohabitation, he managed also to find his place against Jacques Chirac. In fact, the President of the Republic and the Socialist Minister for European Affairs are of course in these five years: Chirac taking the young minister with no experience under his wing, even to comfort him when he doubted. An agreement with Lionel Jospin was annoyed.

After the failure of the left in 2002, Moscovici was defeated in the parliamentary elections in the Doubs. A year earlier, he had already failed to municipal Montbéliard. Without parliamentary seat, without mayor, he tried his luck with the 2004 European and found his seat in Strasbourg. In 2007 he was again legislative candidate in the Doubs. This time he wins.

Pierre Moscovici, tried by the Revolutionary Communist League when he was young, joined the PS in 1984. He was close to Michel Rocard, Jospin and Dominique Strauss-Kahn, his former professor at the ENA. He is the son of a social psychologist Serge Moscovici, who was a member of the Romanian Communist Party and fled his country in 1947. Pierre Moscovici was the first to openly criticize the Socialist Francois Mitterrand and his relationship with Rene Bousquet. "What shocks me, he said, is that he can spawn with someone who has been a tool of the state anti-Semitism and an accomplice of the final solution of the Reich." … …..

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AgroGeneration covers three continents

 

History does not put all your eggs in one basket, the agricultural subsidiary of Charles Beigbeder, AgroGeneration, just move up a gear in Argentina. The company created a joint venture with a local partner, the group La Suerte Agro, belonging to the family Lacau, whose roots lie in the Beam. It is present since 1880 in the agricultural sector in Argentina.

The partnership covers the operation of 14,000 hectares of GM crops: wheat, soybeans and corn. "The first risk is of a farmer's climatic hazard, said Charles Vilgrain, CEO of AgroGeneration. The best way to protect yourself is to be present in the northern hemisphere and southern hemisphere with a harvest every six months. Not to mention that it also divides the political risk. "

The partner brings AgroGeneration Argentine land, the French entrepreneur, his expertise in the development of farmland. Already present in Ukraine, the group, which cultivates 50,000 hectares, is located in the upper range of yields published by other international actors, for example with 4 tons per hectare for wheat and 1.8 tonnes for the rapeseed.

As in Argentina, the company does not own the land it operates in Ukraine. "This is a less capital-intensive investment," says Charles Vilgrain. Thus, to 2,000 euros on average per hectare of land quality in Ukraine, AgroGeneration should have spent 100 million euros to get their hands on the land he tills. The company preferred to hire them. Result, it quickly became profitable. In 2011 it produced nearly 164,000 tons of grain for a turnover of more than 23 million euros and a net profit of EUR 2 pay day loan lenders.3 million. But the adventure might not stop there way.

Strategic areas

"One day we will also be in Africa, there is much to do to meet the growing population and needs five times more important in agricultural commodities in the next fifty years, said Charles Vilgrain. There are three strategic agricultural areas in the globe where you must be: the Eastern Europe, Latin America but also Africa, the official added. International groupings have already taken place at the trading level of the meat but not at those specialized in field crops such as wheat. AgroGeneration wants to get the ball rolling. "

A vein that attracts the greed of investors. "The agricultural commodities sector is increasingly financialized," said Michel Portier, Agritel manager specializing in risk management on agricultural commodity prices. Other examples: the land of the management company Pergam Paris, Campos Orientales. "We have 30,000 hectares of farmland in Argentina and 25 000 hectares in Uruguay, explains Olivier Combastet, président.Notre its production is very diversified in rice farming, wheat, barley or soybeans. "Closer to home, Russia, Dreyfus, through its holding reset Agro, already controls 90,000 hectares of farmland and 150,000 hectares is the term.

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U.S.: CEOs have pocketed $ 2 billion in 2011

 

Some 757,515 iPad (at $ 499 each) or even 33 years of compensation of Jeffrey Immelt, the boss of General Electric: The New York Timess'est amused to calculate the envelope that represented outstanding $ 378 million, attributed to Tim Cook, Apple chief executive in 2011, the equivalent of 42,000 dollars an hour. Given the recent surge in Apple stock, this package, largely in restricted shares for at least five years-would be $ 634 million

.

Needless to say, the successor to the boss Steve Jobs is the most spoiled of the United States by its board of directors. According to research firm Equilar for The New York Times, the 100 best-paid bosses of the United States have pocketed a total of last year's $ 2.1 billion. An amount up 2%. On average, each CEO earned $ 14.4 million.

The second, used the charts, Lawrence Ellison of Oracle, has earned $ 77.6 million. The third with $ 53.3 million, Ronald Johnson, who arrived this fall at the head of department stores JC Penney, is a newcomer. In fact, the distributor, for debauch the star of Apple, had to compensate by offering shares JC Penney instead of securities of electronics giant that it could reach if he resigned. A bad deal, so far: the Apple shares would be worth nearly $ 160 million, against less than 60 million worth of JC Penney.

To combat the excesses that contributed to the financial crisis of 2008, Congress passed a reform that pushes for more transparency on the remuneration of bosses and gives shareholders more weight on the determination of these envelopes, containing cash, bonus and stock options.

Barack Obama's Energy Revolution

 

The price of a gallon of gasoline at the pump exceeded $ 4 in many parts of the United States. It is a trauma for Americans who drive a lot and often in vehicles big bike.

Pay more than $ 1 per liter, or 17% more than last year, imposed on their budget. The seasonal nature of gasoline demand likely makes one gallon for $ 5 by summer.

54% of Americans believe that their president could do much to combat this trend trim their buying power and weakening growth. The popularity of Barack Obama suffers 65% of voters are unhappy with how it handles this issue. In this busy electoral context, the presidential candidate began a two-day tour in Nevada and New Mexico. His message: "We operate oil fields everywhere: this is why our dependence on imported energy has fallen every year since I was in power."

Barack Obama has abandoned the slogan that has long repeated: "Oil is the energy of the past." It now claims to support all forms of energy production, not just renewables.

"As long as I am president, I will not give the promise of clean energy," he said Wednesday in Nevada on the occasion of his visit to a field of solar panels. Bankruptcy Solyndra, a manufacturer of solar panels, which received $ 535 million of subsidies, however, undermined the credibility of the presidential message. His promises of thousands of jobs created by "green energy" were not held cheap payday advance.

600,000 jobs created

However, the boom hydraulic fracturing since 2008 has pushed gas production in the United States and depressing prices. Applying this technique to oil shale helps boost crude output at its highest in eight years. Manufacturers responsible for these innovations feel they owe anything to Obama.

Instead, they feel unfairly targeted by the White House. "The Obama administration says it supports the increased production of oil and gas. But it blocked the Keystone XL (which was to supply the Gulf of Mexico oil shale Canadian). It claims to boost domestic production, but permits drilling in federal areas have plunged 44%, "says Jack N. Gerard, president of the American Petroleum Institute. "Many more jobs have been created by the boom in oil and gas as" green economy, '"says Daniel Yergin, head of Cambridge Energy Research Associates. It amounts to 600,000 the number of jobs created by this revolution. These figures are echoed by Obama today, marking a dramatic conversion of the President of the benefits of a sector that has long disdained.

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Presidential: spending cuts in sham

 

So far, Francois Hollande was very talkative on controlling public spending. To prove his seriousness in budgetary matters, the PS argued the EUR 49 billion of tax increases planned – both graded increases to fund new measures and to reduce the public deficit to 3% in 2013. Change in tone Thursday on France 2. The Socialist candidate was more explicit result: the return to balance accounts in 2017 will also "by 50 billion savings on public spending," he said, highlighting a point that appears from the origin, but discreetly, in its program.

In fact, in a country where public expenditure accounts for 56.6% of GDP, while fiscal consolidation achieved through an action on the charges. Except as we stay in France. Unlike the choices made in the UK and measures imposed in Portugal or Greece, or Francois Hollande nor Nicolas Sarkozy proposed to actually reduce government spending, that is to say, the return of 100 euros a year to 95 next year. The two main candidates simply promise to slow the rise.

From 1978 to 2008, public spending grew on average by 2.6% per year, plus inflation. "We will limit their increases to 1% per year," said Francois Hollande. Right, this government promised in Brussels an increase of 0.4% per year until 2016. Then where are the savings put forward by both sides? This is actually a smaller increase in expenses, compared to their natural tendency (which is explained by the increase in salaries of civil servants, the increase in health spending, the rising number of retirees, etc.. ). This is supposed to be parallel to that of GDP. Example project with Holland. Without special measures, the approximately 1 trillion of government spending should increase as the national wealth (1.7% per year initially, 2.25% at the end, according to forecasts of the candidate). An average increase of about 2% per year during the future five-year-around 20 billion euros each year free credit report and score. The PS wants to limit their growth to 1% per year. The economy compared to the natural drift is 10 billion per year and $ 50 billion in the five year term. The weight of public expenditure in GDP would decline to 53.9% while in 2017 the government is 52.8% in 2016. In both cases, the action will inevitably unpopular.

Divisive options

Social benefits-health costs, pensions, family allowances or unemployment … – indeed absorb 45% of public expenditure. Just to bring growth in public spending to 0.7% in 2011, the current government had to reform pensions, act on Medicare and not to replace staff on two retiring.

Thursday, Francois Hollande suggested avenues for savings: lower prices and consumption of drugs, focus on health prevention, cuts in aid to enterprises, decentralization. Displaying its objective of stabilizing the size of the public, he admitted that there would be job cuts in all departments except Education, Justice and Home Affairs. "The salary policy will be serious," said Michel Sapin, program officer of the applicant, being careful not to promise any pay rise. And state transfers to local (one hundred billion a year) "will not progress." Not to mention that if economic growth is not at the rendezvous, the scheme collapses. Michel Sapin no plans yet not to intensify efforts in this case: "A real spending cuts could destabilize the economy," he retorts.

Advocating a greater effort, Nicolas Sarkozy announced the continuation of "one in two." The UMP also wants to cut $ 2 billion per year transfers to communities. Magnitude of the cuts, selected sectors: these options are politically divisive. But in a camp like in the other, the information disclosed so far are not enough.

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Greek MPs are tightening their belts a little

 

"Kleftes! Thieves! "The insults burst forth in the processions of anti-austerity protesters in the streets of Athens these days. The Greeks win against a political class accused of making no sacrifice while officials have seen their wages blend of 20% and expects the same treatment as private sector employees. MPs in particular are accused of refusing to lower their pay by 10% at the height of the crisis in 2011.

"Until now, politicians have not been transparent about their incomes and citizens suspect that considerable sums are spent for miscellaneous expenses, or that MPs employ family members as assistants," says Nick Malkoutzis a, journalist with the daily Kathimerini.

The Easter bonus deleted

MEPs, however, made a few sacrifices. The 13th and 14th month salaries were eliminated, as in the rest of the civil service in 2010. Last July, the attendance fee paid for participation in a meeting of the 34 parliamentary committees was reduced to 150 euros, against 245 euros before. Premiums Easter, Christmas and holidays have been removed, additional taxes created. These measures have melted the monthly salary of 3375 euros per head on average, according to elected officials.

Parliament said today that the gross monthly salary now stands at 8,221 euros, 4,231 euros after taxes. Are aligned with the highest salaries of public service. In comparison, a French MEP wins 5189.17 euros net. Still, the Greek Parliament plans to spend 34.2 million euros in 2012 for salaries, including bonuses and other compensation. What assure members a sum of 9500 euros per month, plus office and secretarial included.

The difference, ultimately, does not seem huge with the situation before rigor sets. Last December, Parliament has in fact published on its website, for a few days, the tax returns for 2009 of 300 MPs. It was to answer charges of opacity.

Income gaps

Salaries, allowances, current accounts, real estate, and other financial transactions in this document. It shows that in 2009, elected a ten won more than 9,000 euros per month through its sole parliamentary activity. What must be added, for some, a second salary (in Greece, one elected is entitled to retain his original job posting) as well as income potential spouse. Then the gaps widen between the richer members of the assembly (six of them earned more than 33,000 euros per month) and more modest, saying some 2,025 euros monthly income for their household.

"While the debate on the wages of 300 Deputies Greek is symbolic. They represent only three thousandths of the state budget. But the political class has missed the opportunity to cut its own salaries along with those officials, two years ago, analyzing the Greek-Swiss historian Nikolas Bloudanis. It would have been a symbolic gesture extremely important. "Times are changing: this week, for the first time, an elected, Dora Bakoyannis, head of the small liberal party New Democracy (four members), has proposed halving the salaries of parliamentarians .

How much do Greek political leaders

George Papandreou. Photo credits: JOHN KOLESIDIS / REUTERS

The fall of a six-story elevator building in a housing project in Paris on October 27, revived the debate on the safety of these facilities. Work had been made last month on this lift-de-registered by the company Schindler Somatem, responsible for maintenance. Tenants of the building where the accident occurred will file a complaint against Paris-Habitat, owner, announced their partnership "Tenants angry." The social landlord, he has filed a complaint against X. An investigation is underway to determine if it was a defective part of the manufacturer or poor maintenance. Contacted by The Figaro.fr Schindler declined to comment.

France has 520,000 elevators, accessible to 482,500 people. National Park is the most dilapidated of Europe, half of the devices with more than 25 years and a quarter over 40 years, according to the Federation of elevators online cash advance.He points to the installation of variable frequency (a braking system is turned off) on all lifts while he believes that technology is only useful for devices used extensively, is to say in very high buildings or offices, or 20% of the housing.

• New constraints maintenance and troubleshooting

Paul Philippot, managing director of the National Union of property (UNPI), professionals have "staked everything on the renovation, more lucrative than the interview." Robien law has yet mandated a visit technicians every six weeks. "But the elevator companies are understaffed to meet this obligation," said Bruno Dhont.

"The mother of all strikes" paralyze Greece

A country paralyzed, a city under siege. While millions of Greeks are called to go on strike for 48 hours, 10 police squads have erected fences riot around the place of parliament in central Athens. The movement must be "the mother of all strikes," warned Tuesday the leftist daily Ta Nea.

Nearly 20,000 protesters began to march at 9 am Wednesday in the capital to converge to the emblematic Syntagma Square, political heart of the country. In June, violent clashes with security forces had driven the rally.

"We will send a strong message to the government and political system," promised Tsikritas Costas, head of the ADEDY union representing public service. "We believe that the mobilization will be huge." The general strike could indeed be the largest since a long time.Administrations, public transportation, businesses, and even bakers are required to stop work and march against the rigor introduced by the Socialist government.

This is putting pressure on MPs to discuss for three days from Thursday, new austerity measures. The consideration for the payment of the next $ 8 billion euros, as part of the plan of 110 billion granted by the EU and the IMF in spring 2010.

"Blackmail"

Prime Minister George Papandreou has been determined: "All these people who blackmail and take the country hostage, occupying buildings, leaving garbage piled in the streets, closing ports and the Parthenon, must explain how this will help us get back on our feet Payday Loan for Bad Credit. "

He also called for unity."We must continue this war, as a people, as a government, as a caucus to enable the country to win it, he argued. We will win for the country, we will continue. That's why I'm here. "The head of government has a narrow majority of four seats in Parliament.

However, concerns remain on the eve of the vote of austerity on the discipline of PASOK. A member of the Socialist Group has resigned in protest Monday. Two others have threatened to vote against it. A small opposition party could come in and vote for reinforcement.

The new austerity measures, which account for 6.6 billion euros, include reductions in wages and pensions, designed to place laid off 30,000 employees and to establish a single salary scale in the public .The government also wants to lower the threshold of annual taxable income to 5,000 euros.

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